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Classroom Dispatches

A New Year’s Note From The Bottom Twenty Percent

2011 was a wild year for New York City teachers. Cathie Black’s brief reign, the mayor’s aggressive layoff threats, attacks on tenure and seniority, and the the continued push to shut down public schools often left us stressed, confused, and paranoid. Given all this, as 2011 moved towards its conclusion, I felt like I’d grown a pretty thick skin. There was nothing anybody could say about teachers that would upset me.

In late November, however, Mayor Bloomberg proved me wrong. Speaking at a conference at MIT, Bloomberg said that if he could, he would get rid of half of New York City’s teachers. Why? For starters, we are apparently not that bright. Bloomberg explained, “We don’t hire the people who are at the top of their class anymore. … In America, [teachers] come from the bottom 20 percent and not of the best schools.”

I know this quote is old news, but the “bottom 20 percent” claim really stuck with me. I’m used to being attacked for my exorbitant salary, cushy benefits, and lavish lifestyle. I’m not used to being ridiculed because of my poor academic skills or below-average intelligence.

Like a lot of teachers, I’ve got a bit of a chip on my shoulder. When I heard Bloomberg’s comment, I got defensive. How dare he attack my credentials? What does he know about where I went to school, or what kind of grades I got? What does he know about anything?

Then I calmed down; I thought about what it would mean to be a part of this “bottom 20 percent.” I’m a special education teacher. Many of my students are in the bottom 20 percent of their high school classes. This isn’t a criticism; it’s an observation about how these students perform academically.

I like these students, this bottom 20 percent. First of all, they present us teachers with some interesting challenges. It’s easy to plan a lesson for the overachievers; it’s a lot harder to plan for students who struggle. How do I convince a student who suffers from both attention deficit disorder and acute depression that he should try reading a section of “Huckleberry Finn” in a Southern accent? How do I get a hyperactive student to sit still for a 100-minute history exam that consists of two essays on European imperialism in the 19th century? Figuring this stuff out is endlessly frustrating, but endlessly interesting.

Truthfully though, these academic challenges are not really why I like these bottom 20-percenters. I like them because they’re extremely likable. In general, these students are more emotionally mature and complex than their academically gifted counterparts. By the time they reach high school, they’ve experienced failure on many occasions. They don’t bully; they don’t make fun of their classmate for giving the wrong answer. Possibly as a defense mechanism, most of them develop a quirky, entertaining sense of humor. They’re used to being ignored, so they’re uncommonly patient. They know how to empathize and they appreciate small kindnesses that other students take for granted.

I don’t know what portion of this bottom 20 percent might go on to become teachers, but I hope some of them do. Patience and compassion are qualities that every teacher should possess, and these students possess them in abundance. More than that, as much as we try, many of us will never truly understand what it means to struggle with fundamental skills like reading and writing. A student who has struggled with these skills and found ways to succeed would be uniquely capable of both planning lessons for and empathizing with challenging students.

2011 was, among other things, the year of the bottom 99 percent. It was a year when those of us who don’t live fat and happy stopped feeling bad about it and went on the attack. Teachers played a part in this movement. Thousands of us joined with the Occupy Wall Street forces and proudly announced our place among the bottom 99 percent.

There wasn’t much good news for teachers in 2011, but this growing sense of solidarity was an exciting development. So, Mayor Bloomberg: keep the insults coming in 2012, please. I’ll take the bottom 20 over the top 1 percent any day.

  • Gideon4ed

    Interesting analogy.  Change student to teacher and here’s what I see:  Many of my teachers are in the bottom 20 percent of their college
    classes. This isn’t a criticism; it’s an observation about how these
    students perform professionally. The bottom 20% of teachers understand what it means to struggle with fundamental skills like lesson planning and classroom management.  They’re likable because most of them develop a quirky, entertaining sense of humor. They’re used to being ignored, so they’re uncommonly patient.  By the time they reach retirement and their pension, they’ve experienced failure on many occasions. 

    Bloomberg’s rhetoric aside, until we admit that there’s room for improvement in the teaching corps, little is going to change the prospects of those students who are stuck with sub-par teachers.  We need evaluations that identify valid strengths and weaknesses and target effective professional development, coaching and support to teachers.  There are teachers who need to be weeded out; more important there are average teachers who need to become good and great teachers.  Fighting to retain a system that deems 99% of teachers satisfactory and avoids looking at student performance is not going to solve our problems.

  • Los Flerpos

    Nice piece. 

  • Los Flerpos

    Nice piece. 

  • Sick of it All

    Last time I checked all teachers in NYC need a college degree as well as a masters degree. The complaint about teachers being in the “bottom 20%” during college really does not faze me. College is a milestone to gain entrance to and college graduates are still in the minority in this country. If a teacher was able to graduate both college and earn a masters, as well as earn all teaching credentials, that means they have earned the legal right to teach in a public school. I’d rather work with a city-college/masters educated teacher prepared in an education school who was in the “bottom 20%” than a wanna be honor roll teacher from an ivy league school who majored in humanities and knows nothing of education.  The “lavish” pay and benefits that teachers earn are in place to draw them to the profession in the first place. 

  • 40yearsofteaching

    let me quess tfa

  • 40yearsofteaching

    The best teacher I ever worked with was a women who had a few education credits but worked with severely handicapped students. Some of the worst graduated from some of the best colleges. I really think you are coming from an elitist point of view and it makes me sick. You should be ashamed of yourself

  • Will Johnson

    Thanks for the responses. I’m not sure I know any teachers who won’t “admit there’s room for improvement” and I certainly don’t know a single person in education who has ever argued we should “avoid looking at student performance.” I certainly didn’t make either of those points in this article.

    My main point, I think, was that a debate which is focused on “weeding people out” and making “good” people “great” will not lead us towards any useful conclusions. We need to find a different way of talking about things, one that’s far less elitist and judgmental. There’s something deeply troubling about about a society whose political leadership believes that a person’s ability to teach (or lead in any capacity) can be evaluated based on where they placed in their high school or college class.

    I believe that many of my special education students, whose GPAs place them in that bottom 20% that Bloomberg put down in his speech, are capable of becoming great leaders– not despite who they are as learners, but because of who they are. As a teacher, I’d like to build a school system, and a society, that encourages these students to become such leaders. Right now, we have a school system that tells these students they are not good enough to lead, primarily because they struggle with standardized tests. The mayor’s comments reflected that attitude.

  • Michael Fiorillo

    It’s no wonder that Bloomberg, who as the richest man in the nation’s richest city is the literal incarnation of the 1%, would denigrate “the bottom 20%.” After all, as income has been radically redistributed upward over the past thirty-five years, he has personally benefitted from the extraction of wealth and declining living standards of those very same people.

    Indeed, by closing neighborhood schools and replacing them with publicly-funded, private entities that exclude the neediest children, directing his private army (AKA the NYPD) to aggressively harass minority youth, and subsidizing/encouraging the gentrification of ever-more parts of the city, he is doing his best to drive them out of New York entirely.Congratulations on a well-written, insightful and compassionate column. You seem like precisely the kind of teacher the current regime finds dangerous, and that the new evaluation procedures are intended to weed out.

  • Will Johnson

    Thanks for the positive response, and the kind words. I think one hopeful sign is that there are so many New Yorkers, and others around the country, who share your perspective. I think the occupy movement showed this, which is why it was so frightening to most of that 1% you mentioned.

  • RJA Sr.

    This was an extremely inspiring piece. My mentee is a student that would be considered a bottom 20% student. However, his kindness and generosity rank him way higher in my book. Teachers generally teach to the middle. That covers about 70% of students. Often forgotten are the bottom 20, and the top 10% of students. Thanks for your insightful piece.

  • RJA Sr.

    This was an extremely inspiring piece. My mentee is a student that would be considered a bottom 20% student. However, his kindness and generosity rank him way higher in my book. Teachers generally teach to the middle. That covers about 70% of students. Often forgotten are the bottom 20, and the top 10% of students. Thanks for your insightful piece.

  • Vote NO!

    The  new  evaluation  framework  under  APPR  and  Danielson  certainly  aren’t  going  to  make  things  any  better. They  are  both  highly  unrealistic,  and  will  result  in  highly  qualified  college students  avoiding  the  teaching  profession.  People   are  NOT  going  to  spend  tremendous  sums  of  money  on  a  college  degree  to  enter  a  career  where  they  are  being  set  up  to  be  terminated,  or  “burn  out”  in  3  to  5  years.  There  are  too  many  variables  affecting  student  performance  that  are  beyond  a  classroom   teacher’s  control.  The  APPR,  and  Danielson  don’t  take  any  of  these  variables  into  account.

  • http://twitter.com/DCD1976 Dana DiCostanzo

    Level Ones and Two Unite!
    I couldn’t agree more with what you wrote!

  • nuff said

    Yup-bottom 20%—Hmm-Masters in Urban and Multi-cultural Ed. Hmm–Masters in Education Administration——St. Rose, St. Vincent , B.S in Management Science (now Business Admin) SUNY @ Geneseo, SBL, SDL   , over 20 years in financial services —but smart enough to stay a Middle School Teacher and not be a target in Administration

  • Will Johnson

    Thanks, great comment! It’s great to know how many teachers realize how wonderful our “Level Ones and Twos” are, even if the people in City Hall don’t.

  • Will Johnson

    Thanks, great comment! It’s great to know how many teachers realize how wonderful our “Level Ones and Twos” are, even if the people in City Hall don’t.

  • Will Johnson

    Thanks, great comment! It’s great to know how many teachers realize how wonderful our “Level Ones and Twos” are, even if the people in City Hall don’t.

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