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The Last Best Hope?

Amidst the shouting, recriminating and celebrating attending Dennis Walcott’s designation as chancellor, even a keen follower of education politics could have missed the news that New York State Education Commissioner David Steiner is stepping down. Steiner cut a low profile in the mass media, so it’s ironic, yet consistent, that his announcement and its implications provoked little discussion in the broader ed reform community.

Steiner struck me as a man with a long-term vision of what it means to be educated, something glaringly absent from the reform debate. At a sparsely attended talk on the Upper East Side last October, Steiner asked how we expect to make the long journey to a “better educated” student population without a detailed map for the trip. Last weekend, speaking at a state teachers union event, Steiner reflected on his tenure, pointing out that if we want to develop such a vision “we do not start by yelling at each other.”

Unnamed “education insiders” say Steiner’s “superstar” deputy, John King, has the inside track. King’s prior work draws hosannas, but his career doesn’t suggest he’s a visionary in Steiner’s mold.

When I heard Steiner speak last fall, we were in the midst of being bombarded with the news that Davis Guggenheim had “cracked the code” in “Waiting for ‘Superman.’” I was fighting apocalyptic thoughts after the New York Times profiled a new middle school suggesting that having failed to engage teenagers, our only option is to have them play video games. And we learned that the average Atheist knows way more about the Bible than the average Christian. A friend neatly captured my concerns when he said, “I weep for the Republic.”

In an essay accompanying his profile of a Bronx middle school this past weekend, Jonathan Mahler neatly channeled Steiner. We shout that only class size matters or the key is accountability, or we need more school days, or we must focus on teacher quality, or grant more charters. As Henry Longfellow wrote (and Barry Manilow made popular), we’re like ships that pass in the night, “only a look and a voice, then darkness again and a silence.” Our current ‘debate’ is not some Hegelian dialectic leading to a vision for the future; it’s a twisted mashup of Rush Limbaugh and Rachel Maddow, a tale “full of sound and fury. Signifying nothing.”

Back in October I foolishly hoped Steiner would bring some balance to these debates. He noted that the vitriol we pour on those with whom we disagree is unique to American “discourse.” In no other country, he posited, is the debate so polarized. As commenters on GothamSchools often fail to recognize, ed reform is not a case where one side is “right” and one is “wrong.” One edu-pundit noted that when you’re told that “research proves” something absolutely, it probably doesn’t.

But in denouncing absolutist positions (“it’s all the union’s fault,” “We’re teaching to the test,” “Charters are privatizing education”), Steiner did not reject the existence of core beliefs, central to success of school reform. Most importantly, he said, we must establish the content we expect kids to know, and teach them the skills needed to acquire it. (And no, these are not “21st-Century” skills; they’ve been around forever). Steiner pointed out that if kids aren’t taught to read or add properly and no one ever checks if they can, encountering Hamlet’s lament:

… that the Everlasting had not fix’d
His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter!

they’ll only wonder why the troubled prince is talking about artillery pieces. We need to set specific content goals, Steiner argued; if you don’t know where you’re going, how do you know if you’ve arrived? Absent content, all the structure and accountability in the world doesn’t lead to better educated kids.

Steiner said the average ninth-grader in New York reads at a sixth-grade level. From this statistic he drew a line to France, a country long out of vogue for Americans seeking examples of excellence. To graduate from high school there, he said, students must complete an essay, written by hand over four hours, on the topic of whether one can truly know one’s self. Americans well might chuckle at the topic, and make jokes about Camus or Sartre. But do we honestly think the reform path we’re on is anywhere close to enabling the average New York high school graduate to write a free-form essay on any topic, let alone philosophy?

For our most vulnerable children to succeed reformers must put a stake in the ground for content; whether they chose William Shakespeare, Wole Soyinka or William Saroyan, there are many great writers and our children should be able to read their works and place them in context. They need to add and subtract quickly, and make sense of the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. Knowledge evolves (think Copernicus) but much of what is important to successful participation in a democracy is fixed in the short run. It’s just unconscionable that we don’t make more than the slightest effort to agree on delivering critical content, especially to our most needy students.

Let me shift the discussion for a moment from the lofty precincts of Albany to my wife’s middle school in East Harlem. Pushed by waves of revolt from Tripoli to Sana, three Yemeni girls in head scarves arrive in mid-March. They know nothing of “Waiting for ‘Superman,’” Dennis Walcott, teachers unions or any of our shibboleths. Bewildered in their classroom these newest Americans-to-be are not looking to construct their “version of knowledge.” They desperately need a school that can say, “welcome to America kids, here’s the deal,” and lay out a fact-based, consistent, vision of what it means to be educated and make something of themselves in their loud, confusing and increasingly fractious country.

A friend asked, “Why do you care about all this?” My stake is the same as all New Yorkers’: A school system that serves most students poorly will destroy my home town. As an employer I won’t find good people to hire, as a citizen I won’t have compatriots to share the burden of governing, and as a human being, I hand off a world far poorer intellectually to my children.

Given our current level of education discourse I’d stake those Yemeni girls less than even odds. But New Yorkers love a come-from-behind story, and if last week’s resignations prod politicians to examine their dogmas, something good may yet come of all this.

  • Nyhistoryteacher

    This article is a steaming pile of rubbish purporting to be journalism. How do you not mention the fact that he appointed a completely unqualified crony to oversee 1.3 million school children.

    What kind of long term vision was that?

  • http://bubbler.wordpress.com/ Mark

    How is a blog post in the community section of GothamSchools ‘purporting to be journalism’?

  • Nyhistoryteacher

    Okay, this op ed, blog post is a steaming pile of rubbish

  • Miss Eyre

    I’m disappointed to see someone calling themselves a history teacher referring to such an obviously well-considered and well-written column “rubbish.” While one may disagree personally with some of Steiner’s actions (read: granting the Black waiver), the core of what Mr. Levey suggests here is entirely sensible and crucial for working educators to confront in our work. Are we teaching kids to fill in boxes, or are we teaching them to become truly educated? It’s not an easy question to answer; there is surely more than one answer. But I appreciated Mr. Levey’s thought-provoking words, and wish that all of GS’s community writers (not that I’m thinking of anyone in particular) would aim for and reach a similar standard.

  • Michael M. (parent still)

    Doubtless I don’t know Steiner from Steinbeck, but I dare say there’s a difference between a vision of what it means to BE educated, and a visionary who knows HOW TO educate. And I’m no Einstein, even after a stein.

    Waiver-ing Black wasn’t “the vision thing”; it was a self-deluding hallucination against the advice of his own panelists who were longer on common sense if shorter on politically expedient wishful thinking, and a bad shroom trip for the rest of us.

  • Tim

    Well said, and heck, the link to the explanation of the second law of thermodynamics alone was worth the price of admission!

  • Nyhistoryteacher

    @Eyre, How can you call this piece, “well-considered”?

    The piece calls Steiner a visionary and the best hope, yet it is devoid of any concrete accomplishments Steiner has made during his tenure. Where I teach, verifiable facts and evidence can not be replaced with lofty prose. When we praise people for their rhetoric and not for their accomplishments there is a problem. In fact rubbish is the nice way of saying that it was filled with BS.

    The piece fails to mention the most important decision Steiner made about NYC public schools. Denying Black’s waiver would have made it clear to Bloomberg that cronyism and backroom deals would not be tolerated in public education. Instead, Steiner reaffirmed that it was more important to place a political ally to the chancellor’s position than a genuine expert in the field. We will continue to see the effects of this “visionary” move for the foreseeable future. Omitting Black’s waiver certainly adds the stink to Levey’s pile of rubbish.

    As a history teacher, I will remind you that we are destine to repeat the same cycle of mistakes when we continue to praise an education commissioner who has failed our schools.

  • Michael M. (parent still)

    That Steiner would grant yet another waiver to yet another back-room-selected crony candidate (albeit a much better qualified — and much more politically suave and personable one) after having already decided to r-e-s-i-g-n takes real, dare I say, “waiveros.”

    Lots of self-proclaimed visionaries have over-inflated egos. I would suggest there’s more than a modicum of correlation there, if not causality. Some grant waivers. Some buy third terms. Neither can admit to a mistake.

    To the degree Bloomberg did so re Black, he by his actions says the mistake was the pick — though not the process. (I say BOTH, and therefore do not accept the apology.) And so should have Mr. Visionary. Evidently 20-20 hindsight was not part of the clarity of sight. Visionaries don’t look back. Ever.

    “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.”
    – Albert Einstein

    Visionarying onward… the problem is still the policies, which Walcott pledges to maintain. Stain the course.

  • Smith

    Sure, there’s a lot of vitriol on the Gotham Schools comments section, but I don’t think the debate is as polarized as you make it out to be. What you have from the right is constant drumbeat of vicious anti-union attacks. The responses on the blogs tend to mimic their tone and style. But read the journals published by the UFT and the NEA or the writings of prominent progressive educators and I don’t think you’ll rhetoric comparable in its extremity or simplism as what the union bashers put out.

  • Elizabeth

    Steiner is actually irrelevant to the larger point being made by this article. The author also gets the last laugh because the caustic comments of Nyhistoryteacher simply provides evidence for the point that there has been an unfortunate breakdown in communication in the education reform debate.

    The argument that content matters and that we need to think seriously about what content should be included in school curricula is important. Gotham Schools claims to be “a running conversation about what works and what doesn’t in NYC schools.” But despite its many commendable contributions, it has not provided much space for a discussion of what works in the classroom – on a pedagogical, not a policy level (of course, the two are related, but not in a deterministic way).

    Liza Campbell’s recent post discussing how she teaches math when she doesn’t have to prepare students for an exam proves a welcome exception. She commends “an inquiry-based curriculum,” which suggests a philosophy of education that differs greatly from the above call for a “fact-based, consistent, vision of what it means to be educated.” It would be great to hear more people weigh in on these very different approaches to education, instead of just rehashing the same old talking points.

  • Nyhistoryteacher

    Your right Elizabeth. Debates break down when the state education commissioner appoints political allies in stead of experts into positions of power. They further break down when writers with a podium praise said education commissioner as a visionary while omitting his caustic decisions.

    While Steiner speaks from the center he governed from the far right. If he truly sought to change the tone of the debate, he would not have insulted public education with the appointment of Black.

    I would hardly call Steiner irrelevant to the article. There is the question of what goes into a curriculum, but I don’t think the article does well to conflate curriculum with the idea that Steiner was a visionary.

  • Matthew

    great point Elizabeth, as I find Liza’s view to be typical of a lot of what is fed to students at TC and the other temples of education orthodoxy.

    I am concerned that Liza does her students in Bushwick a dis-service when she channels Paulo Freire to inject some kind of ‘liberation theology’ (as it were) into pre-calc. But I’m always prepared to meet her in the middle and hear her out.

    the other key point is what we prescribe in k-6 is quite different from 9-12. In staid ol’ Greenwich Ct we had a wonderful Marxist history teacher who taught Charles Breard, without irony. Long live Mr. Kazanis!

    Either way, shouting just demeans the shouter.

  • Matthew

    thanks Tim.

    The hat tip of course goes to CP Snow, the eminent British physicist who first pointed out that in our focus on reading and ‘rithmatic we often fail to consider how little basic science one need to have to be considered “educated.”

    I know, as I never learned this until much later in life.

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