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Classroom tales: A diary

How Did I Learn to Read?

I was looking over a carefully written poster I’d made for a lesson on author’s purpose, when suddenly it struck me as rather strange. It’s not that the concept of author’s purpose is new to me. I’ve probably taught a couple dozen of lessons on author’s purpose in my limited tenure as a teacher. But if you asked me before I started teaching, “What is author’s purpose?”, I’m not sure I’d have a quick answer. I imagine non-teachers reading this blog might be unfamiliar with the phrase as well.

How is this possible? How did all of us manage to become such avid and proficient readers, without explicitly learning about author’s purpose? As a kid I don’t remember learning about author’s purpose, and I don’t remember learning about main idea and details, sequence, or any of the other soundbite strategies I teach my students. What I do remember is reading, writing, and talking about books.

So how and when did this change happen? It feels to me like the way we’re teaching the students, they lose the forest through the trees, or rather they’re losing a love of reading through the reading strategies.

Perhaps I’m wrong to dismiss the changes. Aren’t these changes in instruction progress? After all, I may not have learned to read via strategies, but I also wasn’t able to use the internet for research projects. In theory, literacy instruction has evolved over time to incorporate the latest and best research.

However, I’m not sure that strategy-based reading instruction is a methodology resulting from recent research. More likely, it’s a byproduct of standards-based instruction. The state standards are a worthwhile effort to give educators a clear idea of what their students need to learn. Unfortunately, I think in an effort to tie instruction to standards, schools have used the standards as a laundry list of learning, rather than the components of a cohesive view of literacy.

Under this thinking, first students will learn about main idea, then students will learn about sequence, after that students will learn about making predictions, and so on, and so on, until the students have “met the standards.” It’s possible that students can become proficient readers through this process. I know I’ve been teaching this way, and my students have certainly made progress. But even if proficiency is possible, I’m still unsure that students can develop an authentic, meaningful understanding of what reading really means by learning about strategies.

Once again, I have to think about myself as a reader to question this current approach. I may not have learned about the many strategies good readers use, but I know I could tell the difference between non-fiction and fiction, and identify the different purposes for those books. I may not have learned about identifying the main idea and details, but I could summarize a text with clarity. And so could readers for decades (centuries?) before me. So, is strategy-based literacy instruction the way to go? Or are we creating more confusion than clarity?

  • Angela

    Interesting comments! I happen to agree with you even though I have encouraged these so called reading strategies over the years and made some gains. In my opinion now, there’s far too much emphasis on comprehension strategies and not enough focus on actually teaching kids to read using the ‘big six’ oral language, phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension. One particular example that comes to mind is where teachers spend way too much time teaching kids how to figure out word meaning in context when the students have little knowledge of the vocabulary in the overall passage. This strategy should only be reserved for situations when the student understands about 90% of the vocabulary already. We have to teach reading not reading strategies, I’ve changed my mind on this after much conversation with educators in the field, research and observation (I’ve also earned my master’s degree in the teaching of reading).

  • queens parent

    Strategies help children pass the state tests. My children get high scores on their state ela tests so if this is the desired outcome the main idea and related strategies are succeeding. However, it is very obvious that my children do not know how to read, analyze and discuss a book because they were never taught this in school. In fact, I don’t think they ever have discussions in class. More like the 10 minute mini lesson and then a worksheet or dumb class project. Most of the reading is by themselves or with a partner (and I wonder if any reading actually gets done) or supposedly at home where I know the reading journal logs are a complete work of fiction. This year my oldest started at catholic school where they do read. All the kids read the same book (never happened in public school), they read classics (Tom Sawyer, Shakespeare, Chaucer) and they analyze and write essays for the tests and quizzes. It seems that catholic school kids have been doing this for several years, are used to class discussions about motivations and themes and can intelligently discuss characters while drawing on examples from the text. It was all new to my child and it seemed that most of the kids had already read most of the introductory books in 7th and 8th grade. Teachers in public school don’t teach English, they teach reading — a big difference, and one that is putting our kids at a big disadvantage. We need to get away from reading baskets, from reading these horrible written politically correct books (my middle school child’s reading basket contains all these books about gangs and drugs) and bring back and old fashioned English class.

  • Michael Fiorillo

    Queens Parent,

    Class discussions about literature? Themes? Motivations? Character? 

    Please, continue down that road and you’re in danger of having kids who are critical thinkers, and who incidentally build up a store of general knowledge that aids in that thinking. Keep going in that direction, and you just might wind up with young people who are knowledgeable, discerning and skeptical: and then where would we be, in a democracy or something?

  • John

    You are right.

    There is no substitute for appropriately leveled books with relevant themes and time devoted to reading them.

    Strategies can’t replace practice.

  • miss teacher

    I was forced to drink the strategy/TC Model kool-aid for a while when I was a coach. I still can’t believe we were told to have 30 kids (well, more like 36 in one of my classes) reading different books. Class sets were a no-no. Chucking all that when I went back to teaching full time was a huge weight off my back. We now do class novels, but the kids also select independent books for book reports around a topic or theme- the Holocaust, Newbery books, non-fic science, non-fic SS, Dear America series, etc. And I do strategy work- but it’s a supplement, not the foundation. Good literature, and opportunities to write and talk about it is most important. I do shudder a little to think about the drive towards non-fiction though. So much is lost when we abandon great fiction, drama and poetry.

  • miss teacher
  • queens parent

    Looked at that link Miss Teacher. It is excellent and highlights the problem that my older son is now having. He can read the words of Grapes of Wrath but doesn’t really understand it. He has no knowledge of the dust bowl, the depression or migrant workers. He spent many hours memorizing vocabulary words from the book for a test. He even wrote them on index cards with the definitions (the way he studied in middle school). He barely passed. It seems instead of just matching words and definitions (which is what every vocabulary test in public school has always been) his test consisted of creating a sentence for the words or filling in blank complex sentences with the correct word. One just requires memorization, the other requires complete understanding. He has now learned to study differently, read differently and to really listen to those class discussions. More importantly, besides just reading he is gaining knowledge about so many other subjects. He has learned more about reading in the first few months of high school then in all the years previous.

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  • GC

    Queens Parent,
    The kind of education you described is not limited to Catholic Schools, it is the rule rather than the exception OUTSIDE of NYC, particularly since Diana Lamm, Joel Klein, the Workshop Model, and test prep came on the scene. The suburban school experience is totally different from NYC, mainly because involved and informed parents will not let it happen. Also, many kids in the ‘burbs already come to school either reading or having the skill set to make the transition to fluency much easier. This is what happens when you have a lawyer, a wealthy businessman, and now a magazine executive running a school system. The love of reading and erudition has been removed for a generation of kids, and the joy of teaching for many, because their focus is not Children First but how to find jobs, contracts, deals for their pals, and breaking the organized labor movement. Science and Social Studies are neglected in the early grades because ELA and Math are what counts most on the assessments. I gave my daughter’s 4th Grade Social Studies essay questions ( she attends school in a Suffolk County public school) to one of the SS teachers at my high school. The kids in HS could just about handle what my daughter handled with ease. Veteran teachers know what to do to give kids a well rounded education; Bloomberg continues to replace veteran teachers with TFA folks who think the test prep curriculum is “the bomb”. It is, but not the kind they think.

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