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Report calls for school districts to end seniority-based layoffs

School districts should abandon lay-off policies that require principals to dismiss the newest teachers first and instead incorporate measures of teacher quality into firing decisions, a new report out today from The New Teacher Project argues.

The report proposes a scorecard that would rank teachers, weighing their classroom management skills, attendance, performance evaluations and length of service to the district to determine who should be laid off. Under the group’s proposal, a teacher’s performance rating would be given the most weight, while his or her number of years served would count for only a tenth of their score.

By doing so, the report argues, school districts can avoid laying off their best teachers who may not have worked in the system the longest.

“Layoffs are not good for anyone, but they are worse when they result in the loss of top teachers,” the report states. “With so many jobs — and so many children’s futures — potentially at stake, districts and teachers unions must act now to reform these outdated rules so that schools will be able to hold on to their most effective teachers if layoffs become necessary.”

The report is based in part on a survey of 9,000 teachers in two large Midwestern city school districts (though the report does not name the districts, its description of the two districts seems to match Minneapolis and Detroit).

The survey asked teachers if they believed other factors besides seniority should be considered in layoff decisions. Around three-quarters of the teachers surveyed in both districts answered “yes.” Even among teachers with more than 30 years of experience in their district, more than half agreed that “additional factors should be considered” in excessing or firing criteria.

Eliminating the “last hired, first fired” requirement for excessing city teachers is one of Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s major political priorities in education, and a change to the system is on the city’s teachers contract negotiations wish list.

Opponents of the mayor’s proposed changes, including the city teachers union, often attack the credibility of The New Teacher Project because of the group’s close ties to the Bloomberg administration. Dan Weisberg, the group’s vice president for policy, was formerly the Department of Education’s head labor negotiator, and the organization was founded by Michelle Rhee, the chancellor of the D.C. school system whose reform goals frequently align with Klein’s.

“Asking the New Teacher Project about personnel policies is like asking Bernie Madoff for investment advice,” said UFT president Michael Mulgrew in a statement. “It is impossible for the New Teacher Project to be an objective voice of reason when they receive almost $5 million a year from the Department of Education.”

“Carefully omitted from their survey is the real option that teachers are afraid would be the most prominent factor in any non-seniority layoff decision — the whims of administrators who too often know less about education than the teachers they are supposed to be supervising,” Mulgrew said.

The survey did gauge teachers’ support for a number of other criteria that could be used for layoff decisions. In both districts, classroom management and teacher attendance rates garnered the most support from teachers. Around half of teachers in both districts also supported the use of “instructional performance based on evaluation rating” as a criteria, though far fewer listed “principal’s opinion” as a factor that should be used in layoff decisions.

Around half of teachers in one district, and 41 percent in the other, listed total years of teaching experience as a criteria they would support, but less than half of teachers surveyed in both cities chose length of service in their districts as a factor the believe should be considered.

The report does not wade into the murky waters of how effective classroom management skills and performance ratings should be determined. A report from The New Teacher Project released last year called most teacher evaluation programs “meaningless” because of the extraordinarily high numbers of teachers rated satisfactory. But efforts to evaluate teachers on other measures, including test scores, frequently draw fierce criticism from those who argue such factors are overly simplistic and unreliable.

Here is the full report:

  • New Teacher Project is a fraud

    This is just a fancy way to say that the DOE wants teaching to be a temporary position and that it would save a lot of money to lay off us experienced, high paid teachers.   It makes me so sad to see us older teachers so devalued and even more depressed to see how corporate America is destroying education.  Sure, there are a few teachers out there–new and old–who are substandard (as in every profession), but these proposals will only serve to destroy teaching as a profession.  I traded off a lucrative career to do something I love and something I excel at (and, yes, I am a great, well-loved and well-respected teacher).  Once the economy picks up, who does corporate America think will work in the classroom, under these conditions and constantly under attack?  There have always been teaching shortages…less so now, but that’s due to a faltering economy.

    There are those who will say that as an excellent, well-respected teacher that I would not get laid off.  Those people are clearly unfamiliar with the politics in schools, the lack of judgment of younger administrators (my new principal is barely 30 years old and has no clue as to how to run a school.  She alienates everyone, is inconsistent, but is a Leadership Academy graduate and is beloved by Tweed!)  Yeah, she would lay me off, but she would probably keep her friend, the twenty-something incompetent who is not a threat to her….

    Youth and inexperience does not yield great teaching.  I have mentored many younger teachers and those with talent needed years to develop into great teachers with great classroom management skills, time management skills, pedagogical skills and so on.

    Teaching is a science but it is also an art that takes time to develop.

  • ses

    Wow, it’s really surprising to me to see that even among teachers with more than 30 years of experience in their district, MORE THAN 50% agreed that “additional factors should be considered” in excessing or firing criteria. Great!

    But I wonder why ‘classroom management’ is the top additional factor that surveyed teachers believed should be considered in layoff decisions???? I would think it would be ‘instructional performance based upon evaluation rating’!!!!

  • ses

    New Teacher Project is a fraud,

    If new teachers are not given the time, how will we ever develop???

    And no one is devaluing older teachers, hopefully! We are just asking that other factors are taken into consideration!

  • julie

    New Teacher Project is a fraud :

    You speak the truth!!!

  • http://nyceducator.com NYC Educator

    Funny how TNTP issues basically the same report coming to the same conclusions on a fairly regular basis and each time it’s treated as news. I don’t suppose the millions they take in city contracts or the fact they’re in the business of placing new teachers has anything whatsoever to do with their conclusions. I can’t imagine what possible agenda they could have.

  • http://www.accountabletalk.com Mr. A. Talk

    More news flashes! ExxonMobile supports the use of gas powered cars! Bill Gates endorses Windows 7! Republicans vote against health care! Tea baggers vote for tax cuts! News at 11!

  • Chris

    I am a teacher with 5 years of experience…. young compared to say someone who has worked 30 years. And maybe you might think it’s because of my lack of experience that I would say the following, but I think 30 years… 5 years… 15 years.. what does it matter. Either you’re a good teacher or you’re not. No matter how many years of teaching you have… if you’re good why be afraid of being evaluated by other factors besides your years of experience. It just seems that older teachers are afraid of a new system of lay offs that involves what really matters in the classroom – management and instructional delivery and whether students are learning. These should be the factors that decide whether a teacher stays or goes… not how long you have been employed and simply that. If you mentor new teachers great! You must be a good teacher to have that position. But the number of years has nothing to do with effectiveness in the classroom. I see plenty of awesome teachers who have been teaching 10 or less years… and some awfully unmotivated teachers who have been around 20+ years who are doing nothing to promote learning in their classroom. Of course experience does come with years… but so does burn out.

  • John Hancock

    Chris,
    Being a teacher with 5 years of experience and having the experience to know what will happen given your premise, are two different things.

  • fedup

    The New Teacher Project is hardly in a position to offer a credible opinion on this . OF COURSE they want senior folks laid off-THEY GET PAID TO RECRUIT AND TRAIN THE REPLACEMENTS.. more priavteers who know nothing about “the product” of teaching kids only how to turn a profit FOR THEMSELVES!!!!
    If these private business folks know so much and their data is the end all be all-how come THE PUBLIC always has to bail them out? for exaple: Auto Industry, savings and Loan scandals, wall Street bamkrupt etc… give me a break -and they will save kids??
    Tell Boston Bloomy to turn up his hearing aid. The scandals are just beginning to come toight on these sorry business world types and they will pass with Bloomy and Obamy and his basketball playing cro magnan man of an “Education secretary- pass the ball Arne I am going for a slam dunk on your bozo head!!! You can only fool people for so long and their number is up-

  • Chris

    I wish some would stop using inexperience as a tool to make younger teachers look like they know nothing about the way the world works. I did not start teaching when I was 22 fresh out of college. I actually worked in insurance and switched later. I understand what would happen if principals/districts could fire based on factors other than years of experience.. bad teachers would get the boot. Good older teachers would lose their job because they are expensive. I understand both sides to the story and the way the world works. But my point I was trying to make was that simply being able to keep your job because you have been a teacher longer is not logical. Maybe I am a better teacher than you… I deserve to stay… you deserve to go. You should not keep a job just because you’ve been around longer. How well you actually do the job you get paid for should have some sway in whether you should stay or go. And to the person who said the comment above about the seasoned lawyer/doctor… I agree with you. In those professions experience comes with years of performing the job. Teaching is the same to some extent.

  • Michael M.

    The above string reminds me…

    “When I was a boy of 14, my father was so ignorant I could hardly stand to have the old man around. But when I got to be 21, I was astonished at how much the old man had learned in seven years.”
    – Mark Twain

  • Jeff S

    The problem, of course, is there is no 100% sure fire way to distinguish a good teacher from a mediocre teacher (I do exclude the totally incompetent, that should be easy to identify). But add on the financial incentive to a Principal of dumping the highest paid teachers and they start off, this idiotic report notwithstanding, with two strikes against them. And does anybody really trust the vast majority of these new Principals turned out by Klein’s laughable Leadership Academy where scores of Principals who lack the proper education experience are declared competent enough to judge the abilities of a veteran teacher. Please give me a break.

    If people cannot see what is being said here, the financial incentives of ridding the system of the highest paid teachers, the incompetence of many of the new Principals to be able to properly evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher, well those are truths that should be easy to see. I defy anybody to show that I am wrong. But what else can we expect from a system that puts an incompetent, arrogant lawyer lacking any experience in education in clear violation of state certification requirements in charge? The man is unfit for this position, and again I defey anybody to prove otherwise. Until we are rid of this misplaced lawyer, the school system will continue to deteriorate.

  • I noticed that…

    Chris,

    Every person will eventually reach their time in life that includes new teachers irrespective of their age. A teacher with five years of teaching experience will definitely have more insight than a first year teacher. Eventually, your years in the system will grow, if down the road the chancellor does not take the extreme step of eliminating of those teachers with 10 years in the system. Then, I guess you would be a little leery when its your turn to be targeted irrespective if you are competent or not.

    Over twenty years ago I came into the system with the same conviction as you with the ideology that I have better ideas, approaches, methods, and techniques to help students than the older teachers who I felt should move on with their life. Within a few years, I realized why older teachers are called veterans and the importance of giving them the due respect they deserve.

    I’ve seen it all. There are new teachers out there that should reconsider the teaching profession and go back to their prior profession and, yes, there are veteran teachers whose time have come to step aside. But, we should not have such a narrow vision of hastily making the decision of “you should not keep a job just because you’ve been around longer.”

    Using your logical would you have a 3rd year resident doctor perform heart surgery over a veteran doctor? Would you have inexperience lawyer handle a serious law case over a seasoned lawyer? Would you like a recently licensed pilot take over a cross-atlantic flight over Sully, an experienced pilot who’s our nation’s hero?

    You assume that teachers with 5 years of teaching should stay over those with more experience and if they’re not doing their job or they’re incompetent get rid of them. I truly agree with you about the incompetent part. If you cannot cut in this profession, then you should be cut whether you have 1 year or 10 years or more.

    But, it is not our job to determine who stays or goes. You have administrators than must do their job and if a teacher is incompetent then they must follow the process that’s outlined in the teachers’ contract and the state ed. law, 3020a. The law was created so that no person would be dismissed “arbitarily and capriously”. Teachers have earned the rights of due process and no one, not even a teacher with very few years in the system, should question or challenge a law that has protected many teachers from termination from selection by vindicative principals.

    Reflect for a minute that you have tenure, due process, and how the union has fought very hard to ensure that your due process is protected. When you have 20 years in the system, you will encounter the same situation and will definitely remember the importance of job protection.

    “The hardest thing in life is to learn which bridge to cross and which to burn” – Laurence J. Peter

    Don’t burn your bridge while you are still crossing it.

  • John Hancock

    Why shoudn’t we burn our bridge while we are still crossing it? The DOE is building a new bridge while they are walking on it. Makes sense to me. (joking)

  • EFM

    My child has been lucky to have had several excellent, veteran teachers, whose lessons positively glowed with understanding of not only the subject matter, but the character of the children they teach. He has also had young teachers who have proven themselves not only to be energetic and passionate about their teaching, but with the same, developing, understanding of their students their older colleagues have so carefully cultivated.
    It saddens me greatly to see younger teachers and older teachers pitted against each other this way.

  • jodama

    Anyone who works in the school system today knows that age discrimination is rampant. I’ve been teaching now for 14 years. I took the traditional route, spent money at TC for a masters degree, student taught and entered the classroom. I am everything Tweed reviles, an older teacher, tenured, with a traditional background in teaching. Today I teach a group of very tough but lovable kids in the Bronx. Yesterday, I had a meeting and entered my classroom a few minutes late. Our young A/P came running to me as I walked down the hall to my room, breathless, “So glad you’re here.” An even younger teacher was in my room. All 23 boys (out of 31 kids) in my room were on their feet moving around the room: screaming, yelling, throwing paper balls. When I walked in the room they began whooping and hollering and banging their desks because they were glad to see me. Within 3 minutes I had them all in a seat working on the “do now.” Within 5 minutes they were quiet. The rest of the class passed productively but uneventfully. I assure you I could not have done that when I first came into the classroom. I probably could not have handled these kids after only 5 years. It’s taken me a long time to hone my craft. I learned from my older colleagues who mentored me in the classroom and encouraged me to read continuously about new research and ideas, and until recently I received guidance from administrators who had been in the classroom for many years and understood the complexities of teaching. If we continue to disparage the wisdom and experience of older teachers in favor of cheap and temporary replacements the most vulnerable kids will suffer.

  • rosie

    All the turmoil in the public schools has so disgusted me, I will remove my children and place them in Catholic school where the school is established, teachers are ALL veterans and using PROVEN, RESEARCH-BASED curriculums. I am tired of our children being used as experiments for the latest trends.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Seniority based excessing and layoff rules are transparent, bias free, long established and effective.

    Principal evaluations are highly subjective, value-added tools do not yet exist, classroom management is not defined, etc., the Teacher Date-type (TDI) reports leave more questions unanswered than answered.

    The last experience with layoffs, in 1975, student achievement did not fall. One could argue that the laying off the least experienced had a positive impact on student achievement.

    The Teaching Fellows, a New Teacher Project initiative has had higher attition rates than traditional hires.

    Peer hiring and peer review, including teachers in the hiring and tenure granting process might be a good first step in building a more nuanced system. Under the current Ouchi-based model, the principal as CEO, teachers are widgets, unfortunate.

  • Roger S. Baldwin

    Peter: There you go again making bald assertions and giving incorrect facts. You could bang on your keyboard and be more correct and more substantive. Your fifth paragraph is almost verbatim what you posted yesterday about a different article.

    For anyone who thinks that Peter here knows his stuff, please see proof otherwise by reading all his factual inaccuracies at the string at “Among city’s contract demands: flexibility to lay off teachers”

  • Chris

    I noticed that….

    Once again you fail to read my entire comment… and you too simply look at my 5 years of teaching and think I have no clue how the system works.

    I understand that principals would love to get rid of “veteran teachers” because they are expensive. He could hire 5 brand new teachers for the cost of one “veteran”. I do not agree with this path.

    I would just like to point out that you say I think younger teachers should stay over older teachers which is the opposite of the point I was trying to make. I was simply saying that these decisions should be based on your abilities to perform the job functions, not based on who has taught longer.

    Teachers are given great job security that hardly any other profession is given. In the rest of the job market, I would say it is almost impossible to find a career that has the job security as a teacher, being that tenure laws are so strong.

    But, I consider it an injustice to children to protect teachers who are AWFUL at their job. No matter the number of years… be it 2 or 20. The bottom line is… be good at what you do or get out.

    And I hope you know that it is VERY possible for a young teacher to be 100% better than a veteran teacher.

  • Chris

    jodama…

    I too work in a classroom where classroom management skills are required for learning to take place in the class. Yes, it requires CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT skills to control any classroom. Yes, years of experience does give you lessons on how to craft a good management system. And it sounds like you are doing a great job and you have formed good relationships with your students, which is a cornerstone to any classroom environment.

    But again, you talk of age discrimination against those veteran teacher, but you too are discriminating against those who are younger. After reading the posts on this site it sounds like an echo of most veteran teachers – “The youngins just have no clue and can’t do anything right until they get some years under that belt.”

    I guarantee you that when I walk into my classroom, my students would in 1 minute begin their work, and we wouldn’t need 5 minutes to get quiet. They would be quiet once they started working if that was what I asked of them. Why? Because that is the expectation in my room. That is the structure of my class. That is the way it works. That is the classroom environment I have developed over the course of the school year.

    So, to that A/P and young teacher who were in your class… they need to take some management classes and read some educational research books, maybe even get some training from those who have great management styles… not get 20 years of experience. Because frankly, I have seen some pretty darn awful management styles of some teachers who have been around awhile. And I have seen some veteran teachers come running out of classes saying, “Thank God, you take over. I can’t handle them, nor do I want to. I’m too old for this crap.”

  • .sharese

    Chris preach on my brother. Your a friend in my head. I agree with you 110% I’ve been teaching for the pass 3 years and I observe the same things you wrote about (lack of class room management amongst a majority of veteren teachers) in my school. I know I am a ‘newbie’ and there is plenty for me to learn, but I think it will be an injust to lay off teachers that are producing results (students passing their regents and are actually learning) cause of least amount of years in the system! But keep the teachers that are not producing and can’t relate to the students because they have more years in the DOE. I believe other factors should be taken into consideration. This system is doing a diservice to all. I don’t agree with laying off cause of age or high sallery because “newbies” are not getting younger we are getting older. Furthermore, ‘newbies’ will have a high sallery eventually. However, I believe the teachers that are producing results and know how to relate to the children should also be taken into consideration. Basically, the DOE is turning this into the old against the new!

  • New Teacher Project is a fraud

    Chris,
    I have too much work to do tonight to answer you in the complete manner in which I would want; however, I do want to posit this…imagine a system where there is no fairness and in which nobody would want to help anybody else because in this new world (since Bloomberg, Jack Welch and now Obama/Duncan) of education, we always get rid of the bottom 10 percent–whatever that is.  

    You are right that there are some weak veteran teachers–there are weak younger teachers, weak middle of their career teachers and so on…..nonetheless, the seniority system seems to be the most fair…and I say that as someone who has been laid off (in the 1970′s). 

    The whole notion that we can’t lay off our “best teachers who may not have worked in the system the longest.”  Doesn’t that speak of the new, in vogue ageism? 

    I realize that your job is on the line if there are massive layoffs and I realize how stressful that is.  There should be no layoffs as class sizes of 34 are untenable.  Lay off the bureaucrats at Tweed; get rid of the overpriced, useless ARIS.  Stop all this useless, easily manipulated data.

    But, also, Chris..respect your elders.   And realize this (as I did and still do)…every year I am in the classroom I become a better and more insightful teacher.  What I knew and did at year five was great, but I am so much more dynamic now…. 

    And yes, there are teachers who are mediocre.  But those are the minority, wouldn’t you agree?

  • Chris

    I would agree that with age comes wisdom… and it seems that most are missing my argument. Everyone keeps taking it back to age and years of teaching. And I do agree that if you make it to year 20 you must possess some extraordinary skills as an educator and deserve respect and job security. The bad are the minority. But my argument which seems to be overlooked is… should that minority of BAD BAD BAD teachers get to keep their job over an AWESOME AWESOME new teacher with say 4 years?

    NO… it’s not in the best interest of children to keep that bad teacher. They are better off with the BETTER teacher, no matter how long they have been teaching. And this is all I am saying.. but everyone keeps taking it back to age and years of experience.. in that years of experience automatically makes you a better teacher, which is simply not true.

    And to the fact that you are more dynamic now? That is also what I aim for… to become even more dynamic as I progress. But what about those that get worse as they get older? Should they continue to educate our children? Should they continue to be ineffective educators? You say yes, because in the end they deserve it for their years of teaching.

  • .sharese

    chris, they understand what you are saying. I have these same disagreements at my school with some of the veteren teachers (that have classroom management, producing results etc.). I think they are trying to be loyal and agreeing with your arguement may be viewed as not sticking with their peers. We all are educators and we see the TRUTH and they know it too

  • Chris

    sharese…

    thanks for that :) I felt totally like I was talking to walls.

  • Invictus

    Chris, your premise of having the “best” in front of the neediest and more underserved students is valid…nevertheless, as far as I can see these Education Distortionists, that means anyone who uses the mantra “it is for the children”, will use the same argument to paint as many educators as they can “bad,” in order to justify their ends.

    It is quite tricky to judge how good a teacher is, especially when these good qualities are ever changing, depending of the political winds, as well as all the created interests that the DoE has decided to meet.

    Be not surprised that what people once considered “good” will within a very short while, in the present DoE that is 7 year’s time. The time it takes for you to become unaffordable to their books.

    According to the DoE anyone will/can be considered a “good” teacher until prior of their reaching tenure.

    As you have already notice, there is a lot of infighting among the experienced teachers and the newer ones, this is something intentional created by those above, all for a very sinister purpose, to make what was once a noble career into a new type of educational enterprise where labor and experience are second to the accountants, the bottom line.

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