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Debunking Standards Issue #6: Local Control

This and next week I am raising objections to the idea that new standards — particularly new national standards — are worth the attention they get. It is ridiculous to think that they can be a meaningful lever of broad educational improvement. In fact, I do not think that they can have any significant impact at all.

Problem #6: Local Control

Directly contrary to the urge for state or even national standards is the long standing support for local control of schools is this country. Parents and communities want to decide what is taught in their schools, and how it is taught.

  • Northern Aggression? States’ rights? Slavery?
  • Comprehensive or abstinence only?
  • Whole language or phonics?

I don’t need to write “Civil War,” “Sex Education” or “Reading” and you already know what I am talking about. Of course, those are just some of the most visible controversies. There are legitimate differences in what to focus on in social studies, with obvious regional or local concerns with stressing local history. There is also the issue of tradition and what feels like arbitrary change when you have to live by someone else’s compromise.

To the extent that standards are voluntary — and certainly in the absence of inspections, everything not on a test is voluntary —there are powerful forces against adopting standards. Is there really any reason to think that states will adopt national standards wholesale without making some of their own changes and tweaks? Even if only to “demonstrate” their own leadership, expertise and value, don’t we all expect many/most states to adapt any voluntary national standards, rather than adopt them wholesale?

Moreover, the long tradition of local control even works against states’ own standards. Real state efforts to control what is taught in schools are a relatively recent phenomena, and hardly have any teeth at all. All of the dynamics that make national standards so problematic also work to undermine state standards, with local officials (e.g. school board members, district leaders, school leaders, even individual teachers) exerting their own influence and power over curriculum and content.

Previous: Problem #5 — Tests Matter; Standards Do Not
Next: Why Does Anyone Bother?

  • Mary

    I agree that local control is a problem. I moved around a lot as a child and attended many schools in different states. I lost two years when I moved from Minnesota to Alabama, and it was hard to make up when I moved back north. (Plus, the southern schools believed in corporal punishment. With a northern accent, I was not the teacher’s pet.) The social studies movie I watched was sympathetic to the south and the teacher had tears in his eyes. Then there’s the issue of Regents vs. Iowa tests, etc. I’ll have to catch up on your series, but if not national standards, what do you suggest?

  • http://MoreThoughtful.blogspot.com Alexander Hoffman

    Mary,

    It’s not that I’m against national standards.

    Rather, it’s the wasted effort on national standards that troubles me.

    You see, I don’t think that national standards actually make a difference. Top down and structural solutions don’t address — or even display an understanding of — where and how children learn in schools.

    I have my preferred avenues for improving schools, but that’s not the point here. Here, I am arguing against the belief that standards are are a real lever for school reform — and thereby the wasted attention by those concerned with improving or reforming schools.

  • Jason Becker

    I’m in favor of rigorous curriculum, which is, perhaps, a step beyond standards. I just thought I’d point out that even E.D. Hirsch, whose work is much maligned by many in the education world and can, in some ways, be seen as the father of the most recent core curriculum movement, wrote in his most recent book that he felt that a rigorous core would only be 50% of the curriculum taught in schools and would be focused on early grades (K-8).

    So is it standards (or curriculum) that this argues against or just these standards and how they’re being framed? This came up in an earlier disagreement we had, the source of which turned out to be that your concern is with standards as end-goals, the 12th grade bar, essentially. I agree this is the wrong approach, but why not then call for the right approach with rigorous national standards, which would include significant, year by year articulation of goals that are common to all students and schools, and simultaneously not all encompassing on what is done in the classroom?

    No one wants bad standards, and the current work being done by the NGA may be ineffective (if not viewed as a small step toward more effective work we’re not ready to accept). Brookings just published a short article (http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2009/1014_curriculum_whitehurst.aspx) comparing the effectiveness of various efforts on student achievement– notice that standards seem not to help at all but implementing an effective curriculum had, by far, the largest effect size. This doesn’t surprise me at all– simply having standards is meaningless, but constructing effective curriculum (which assumes meaningful standards) makes all the difference.

    Support for standards shouldn’t be because they alone solve problems, it should exist because without standards we don’t have the conditions necessary to form the most effective curriculum, which actually addresses the mobility issue that myself and others have mentioned.

    To those afraid that national standards are the “camel’s nose”, I say congrats! You have seen passed the politics and recognized this is a move toward the actual, effective reform that you fear.

  • http://MoreThoughtful.blogspot.com Alexander Hoffman

    Wow, Jason, that’s a great link!

    Thanks for sharing it!

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