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Draft Race to the Top regulations would ban New York State

The Obama administration’s proposed regulations on a $4.3 billion federal fund for schools would block New York State from receiving any of the money, according to a draft copy of the regulations that I obtained today.

States that block schools from using “data about student achievement” to evaluate teachers would be banned from applying to the fund, called the Race to the Top grant, under the proposed regulations. (The ban is written in a tricky double-negative way, saying that only states that don’t have such a law are eligible to apply for grants.)

The regulations define “student achievement” as “a student’s score on the State’s standardized test,” for subjects that are tested. For subjects that aren’t part of federally required testing regimes, states can propose an alternative measure, including scores on quizzes known as “interim assessments.”

New York State law prohibits principals from using student test scores when deciding whether to give a teacher tenure or not. The law was passed last year after private lobbying by the state teachers’ union, and against loud objections from the Bloomberg administration.

A spokesman for Secretary of Education Arne Duncan, Peter Cunningham, confirmed the language in a brief phone call just now. The draft regulations will be released publicly at midnight tonight, Cunningham said.

The Race to the Top fund is a tiny slice of the $97.5 billion federal stimulus package for education, meant to spur innovation. Obama administration officials have indicated they will use the fund to steer states and local school districts towards policies federal school officials support. Duncan and members of his administration have mentioned policies banning the use of student test scores and caps on charter schools as likely targets.

The proposed regulations would leave a window for states such as New York to receive the Race to the Top dollars if they revise their education laws in the next year. The regulations outline two phases of grant-making, one accepting applications “in late 2009″ and the other in “mid-late Spring 2010.”

The second phase is designed for “States that need more time — for example, to pass legislation, engage stakeholders and secure commitments, or develop thoughtful plans,” according to the draft regulations.

The draft regulations would also give preference to states that meet other policy priorities, such as by agreeing to pursue national curriculum standards and by not limiting the number of charter schools. But the regulations would not bar states that do not meet those criteria from applying for Race to the Top money.

Before warning against applications by states with specifically policies, Duncan singled out New York State and New York City as good candidates to apply to the fund. He said the city’s school policies fit into the wider purpose outlined for the fund, which is outlined in four categories: “standards and assessment, improving teacher effectiveness and achieving equity in teacher distribution, improving collection and use of data, and supporting struggling schools.”

A former head of the city’s accountability office, James Liebman, is now tasked to the special project of writing an application for the grant.

  • Insider Knowledge

    Facism coming to a classroom near you..

  • http://sinksalive.blogspot.com KitchenSink

    Facism would involve oppression; this is about doling out extra dollars, for prorgrams the administration sees fit to support. That’s not facism; it’s democracy.

  • Pogue

    Ah, democracy, an idea lacking in Bloomberg’s New York City. Oh, and he DOES currently own New York City.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Elizabeth:

    The NYS reg allows the “teacher use of student data” to be used in teacher tenure evaluation, not the “student data” itself … under the awkward phrasing one could argue that NYS falls under the regulation … perhaps the phrasing was intended … the legislation calls for the regulation to be revisited during the 2010 legislative session … with the governance “follies” and the absence of a permanent SED commish I doubt anyone in Albany is giving it much scrutiny … and w/ the health care legislation tottering I wonder whether Obama wants to spank core supporters …

  • Dissenter

    Of course New York is about the pass up hundreds of millions in additional federal aid because of stupid laws passed by the Legislature that bar using student achievement data for teachers evaluations. And of course these will be the same people crying that there aren’t enough dollars for things like class size reduction and after school programs. New York always shoots itself in the foot.

  • ceolaf

    Dissenter,

    You call the law stupid, but it’s actually quite sensible. We would not want to base teacher evaluation on data that we have good reason to believe are not under their control. Given the poor — or at least incomplete — mapping of the standards to the tests, these tests are rather poor measures of teachers abilities to do their jobs. But even worse, the lack of showing of instructional sensitivity seems to indicate that they are in no way measures of teachers abilities to do their jobs.

    When we actually have tests that are instructionally sensitive and representitively test the standards that teachers are required to teach, the law will be stupid. But until those two conditions are met, it is a very smart law. The very fact that so many relatively uninformed people think that it would be a good idea to use the existing sort of test data to measure teacher performance make the law all the more appropriate.

    Or to put this more simply: The tests don’t measure that. So, don’t use them to judge that.

    As for trying to link to class size reduction? How much would CSR costs? What would the capital costs be to build the classrooms and schools needed? Given the overcrowding in NYC schools, how long would it take to purchase the land and build the facilities for CSR?

    This money has nothing to do with CSR, and wouldn’t come close to addressing the needs of such a program.

  • http://nyceducator.com NYC Educator

    In fact, the city has already received hundreds of millions for class size reduction, and has utterly failed to reduce class size at all.

  • http://ednotesonline.blogspot.com/ Norm

    Ahh, something from Dissenter on class size reduction. I must be dreaming.

  • Michael M.

    Question: Where is the basis in law — as formulated and passed by Congress — for the Executive branch to add such strings to funds Congress otherwise appropriated?

    What if the administration said that all applicants for the $4.3 billion chunk of the $97.5 billion stimulus for education had to teach BP Stringer’s health education curriculum nationally?

    Last, I’m sure Mr. Liebman can make a heckuva “case” for the grant. My concern is that he would over-pledge a commitment to the kind of teacher assessment that I believe he had formerly advocated as head of the Office of Accountability — but that is contrary to current policy.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Michael … you’re a sophicated guy … ALL fed legislation contains hundreds of pages of fine print telling localities what they can and cannot do … money w/o strings only is promised by those offers e-scams from Nigeria!

  • Peter

    Peter,
    I’m nut hung up on strings — just who’s pulling them.

  • canwetalk

    Everyone is forgetting that teaching is not a contest, but a profession. Our nation has develop this obsession with data that no one is not looking at our goals of preparing the students for the future. The race to the top will bring out the worse in everyone who’ only interest in getting money. The outcome will be fraught with fraud, corruption, and deceit. Our society has reached the lowest and power and greed have taken over the education system. We keep pointing at the teachers for the outcome of our society. But, no one wants to point at the parents’ responsiblities of being their for their children so that teachers can do their job of teaching. If race to the top is to be used to evaluate teachers, then administrators MUST teach a class of at least 30 low-functioning students, who are NOT truant, who are not on the list of discharge, and who are not in shelters. These administrators should show their data and their passing rates to the teaching staff and how the grades were determined. Then based on the evaluation of the administrators, which is completed by a team of top teachers within that school, can the race to the top be equitable and fair.

  • ceolaf

    I think that Michael M is talking about something that I brought up last week, or perhaps the week before.

    It is up to Congress to determine spending, not the executive branch. The question is whether Congress authorized Duncan, the US DOE or anyone else in the executive branch to require states to change their laws in order to get this funding.

    In NCLB, congress approved the denial of Title I funds to states that did not comply with the testing and sanction regime it required. That was the federal stick with which it forced state compliance.

    I understand the federal government can condition federal funding on any number of things. I am not arguing with that. But I have a problem with how the Secretary of Education is trying to strong arm states without authorization from Congress to do so.

  • Michael M.

    Peter and others -
    Apologies for the confusion. The quip about “string-pulling” at 5:43p was mine, in response to Peter at 4:43p.

  • Michael M.

    Thanks, ceolaf.
    I’m sure I read your prior comment, but it was not on my mind when I wrote at 2:24p. At least not consciously.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Ceolaf:

    While Congress writes the bill, once it becomes law the federal agency, part of the executive branch writes the rules … the Stimulus dollars, the source of the Race to the Top funds, gives wide discretion in rule making to the executive department overseeing the funds … I suspect that the reauthoriization of NCLB, probably with a name change, will be far more specific …with major congressional battles over “puntative” versus “supportive” for “failing” schools.

  • http://www.sinksalive.blogspot.com KitchenSink

    Isn’t this how it works? Law –> Regulations.

    Law: Congress. Regulations: Executive Branch.

    Oh, and they are all elected. If you don’t like it, write to them and then try to vote them out. (Translation: wrong side of history!)

  • Catoctin

    Here’s a suggestion. You could change the law with language to the following effect: “NY state supports the use of standardized student test scores for teacher evaluation after these methods haved passed rigorous scientific review demonstrating that they accurately and equitably identify the true effect of teachers on student outcomes.”
    That would slap the ball back into the nitwits’ court while stopping any implementation dead in its tracks. The clueless wizards proposing the use of test scores for teacher evaluation have no idea of the insurmountable statistical hurdles facing such a system, so you could get the money and send them scurrying back to the cubbyholes to come up with a scheme that would only end up embarrassing them in the end. If there had been a scientific review process for DOE’s travesty of an accountability system (imagine eduwonkette on the panel!), it would have been DOA.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Catoctin

    The law, the stimulus law, allocated the dollars, the Dept of Ed, wrote the regs … want to change the regs, change the president … the next big fight will be the offspring of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), now named No Child Left Behind (NCLB), the postponed reauthorization, which provides Title I funding, will be a major fight … at the present time the two major players, chairman Miller on the House side and Kennedy on the Senate side (or his yet unnamed successor) support pay for performance and test-based (outcome based) school/teacher evaluation … the Race to the Top “fight” is over … the “fight” over NCLB is in its infant stages … and a fight it will be!!!!!

  • ceolaf

    Peter & KitchenSink,

    Obviously the executive branch writes the regulations. But those regulations must fit within the legislation. There is a whole body of law regarding the leeway and discretion that the executive branch can have in this area.

    I am asking if — perhaps even suggesting that — the kinds of conditions that the executive branch is trying to attach to these funds are not consistent with the authorizing legislation. I think that the executive branch is overreaching on this one. There was no intent to use these funds to force states to change their own laws — quite unlike how congress authorized the DOT to pressure states to change their speed limits and seat belt laws.

    I do not know if any state will actually sue the federal government on this, but there clearly is a case to be made. It would be up to the courts to rule on this matter. But the power to write regulations is not unlimited, and is — Bush’s signing statements not withstanding — subservient to congress’s right to write legislation.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Ceolaf

    There is substantial case law … a state, Conn (?), sued the fed over Ed Dept implementation of NCLB, without success … the regs would have to directly contradict the underlying statute … a clear nexus … and, of course, the state would not recieve the dollars while the action proceeds through the courts …this is an intellectual exercise … with Health Care in serious jeopardy the Obama guys are not going to risk alienating teachers and their unions … they will finesse … the NCLB reauthorization … which will not raise it’s head until AFTER Health Care will be the battlefield …

  • ceolaf

    Peter,

    Having read NLB from start to end, it was pretty clear that the DOE acted within the letter and the spirit of the legislation. It allowed Title I funding to be conditional on the NCLB testing and sanction paradigm.

    I haven’t read the current legislation cover to cover myself, but I don’t think think that it says anything about state tenure laws or the use of student data to evaluate teachers. The questions that CT (?) asked about NCLB regulations were within the confines of what the NCLB legislation said. I believe that these conditions are clearly outside the scope of the legislation, and therefore quite problematic.

    Of course the states wouldn’t get any money unless they win the case or change their laws, whichever come first. That should go without saying.

    I’m not sure why you think that “with Health Care in serious jeopardy the Obama guys are not going to risk alienating teachers and their union.” Are you saying that Obama & Co will now back off of demanding charter caps be lifted, tenure laws made more strict and allowing the use of achievement data to measure teachers? All three of those positions run against against teacher union positions. This is not about the NCLB authorization. This is about the Race to the Top funds, and that is going on right now!

  • http://edintheapple peter

    Ceolaf:

    Obama calls Randi Weingarten: …we really, really need your help in persuading the following guys to support my Health Care bill … can u get your members to make phone calls, visit their offices …?

    Randi responds, not a problem, but … maybe Arne can back off and we can take another approach to the Charter School cap and performance pay issues … what do you say?

    As Bismarck was reputed to have said: “The two things u don’t want to see made in person are sausage and laws.”

  • http://www.sinksalive.blogspot.com KitchenSink

    So you’re saying these purportedly anti-union pieces of regulation are dummies set up to be easy give-backs to keep the unions in their pocket for the health care push? It actually sounds plausible.

  • http://edintheapple peter

    from AFT Press Release (7/24/09)

    The Education Department has listed 19 criteria on which to judge grant proposals. “We are going to use our own four criteria when reviewing the department’s plan,” Weingarten says. “They are: Does it help kids? Is it fair and helpful to educators? Is it transparent? And does it require shared responsibility? If the answer is ‘yes’ for each, then we have a real chance of improving the quality of teaching and learning and raising student achievement.”

    Weingarten says the AFT will withhold final judgment until the final regulations are issued, following the 30-day comment period, of which AFT leaders will take full advantage.

    “Will we agree with everything? I doubt it. But hopefully we will agree that teacher evaluations must be improved the right way. We need meaningful, fair and multiple measures for supporting and evaluating teachers so that evaluations aren’t based on one observation by a principal or one standardized test score,” Weingarten says. “But both the president and Secretary Duncan understand that teachers are essential to education reform and that their voices need to be heard as we launch this major offensive to improve public education.” [AFT press release]

    July 24, 2009

  • http://ednotesonline.blogspot.com/ Norm

    Does anyone other than union officials actually read AFT and UFT press releases, which are pure propaganda?

    We have learned to watch what the AFT/UFT leaders do, not what they say. Just as the AFT was on the NCLB committee (remember the “it could have been worse if we didn’t have a seat at the table” argument) we can see in NYC how the UFT agreed to various form of using data to measure teachers (oh, but a principal can’t make you bring the results with you for an interview – wink, wink) and various forms of merit pay -er – bonuses for results based 90% on high stakes tests – which the AFT/UFT says in press releases are we too overemphasized – but why not take the money anyway – wink, wink.

  • http://insideroutline.net Anthony DeLoach

    New York State law prohibits may affect students adversely. We must take care about it.

  • http://rocklandtutoring.com Helene Bon

    I have spent the last 10 years attempting to understand how “education” does its business. As a parent, private educator, curriculum developer and citizen of a small town, in a small county, in a big state and an enormous nation, I have come to understand that no matter what laws we enact, there cannot be any movement forward in education until parochial interests are set aside and the children elevated to the fore of the conversation.

  • Mary

    Well said, Helene.

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